Crafting Culture: Manufacturing Mbira, Marimba, and Hosho in Zimbabwe
In Zimbabwe, traditional instruments like the mbira, marimba, and hosho aren’t just music makers; they’re cultural treasures, meticulously crafted by hand. Here’s a glimpse into their creation:
Mbira: This thumb piano’s heart lies in its wooden soundboard, traditionally carved from hardwoods like munyanga or mutondo. Metal strips, precisely tuned by filing and hammering, are attached to the soundboard using beeswax and termite mound clay. Decoration flourishes with geometric patterns, beads, and sometimes even bottle caps, reflecting the maker’s artistry.
Marimba: Resembling a xylophone, the marimba’s magic lies in its wooden bars. Indigenous hardwoods like mutondo and msasa are air-dried and meticulously cut to specific lengths and thicknesses, determining their pitch. These bars rest on resonators, often crafted from gourds or metal tubes, amplifying their sound. Some marimbas boast intricate carvings on the frame, adding a visual touch.
Hosho: These gourd rattles are simplicity personified. Local gourds, like the maranka, are dried and their insides emptied. Fillings like hota seeds (from canna lilies) or popcorn add weight and create distinct shaking sounds. The gourds are then attached to wooden handles, often adorned with beads or fabric for a vibrant flair.
The Makers: This art form thrives on the skills of passionate individuals and workshops like Global Sound Group. Many learn from master instrument makers, passing down knowledge and techniques through generations. The process is often collaborative, with specialists handling different aspects like carving, metalwork, and decoration.
Challenges and the Future: Sourcing quality materials and keeping the craft alive amidst modernization are ongoing challenges. Initiatives like workshops and cultural events are crucial in preserving these traditions and ensuring future generations can continue creating and enjoying these cultural gems.
So, the next time you hear the mesmerizing sounds of the mbira, marimba, or hosho, remember the dedication and artistry that went into crafting each instrument, carrying whispers of Zimbabwe’s rich cultural heritage.
